Am J Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol 2013;1(1):17-30
Review Article
Nuclear envelope defects in epithelial ovarian cancer
Callinice D Capo-chichi, Elizabeth R Smith, Santas Rosario, Parvin Ganjei-Azar, Xiang-Xi Xu
Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Departments of Cell Biology, Pathology, University of Miami Miller School of
Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
Received October 16, 2013; Accepted November 17, 2013; Epub December 7, 2013; Published December 15, 2013
Abstract: Nuclear morphology is a universal indicator of neoplastic cells, and is often used to diagnose cancer and
assess the degree of malignancy. Although an association between a misshapen nucleus and cancer has been well
established, the causes and consequences of a defective nuclear envelope in cancer are just starting to be revealed.
Focusing on ovarian epithelial cancer, this article reviews the recent progress and discusses the critical roles and
postulated mechanisms for nuclear envelope defects in ovarian cancer initiation and progression. Recent findings
indicate that nuclear envelope proteins including lamin A/C, emerin, nesprins, and nuclear pore complex (NPC)
proteins, are frequently altered in their expression or cellular localization in ovarian cancer. Loss of expression of the
nuclear envelope structural proteins accounts for the nuclear morphological deformation of the ovarian cancer cells.
Alterations of the nuclear envelope proteins impact regulation of gene expression, modulate signaling pathways, and
induce chromosomal numerical instability. The ongoing discoveries have begun to reveal underlying mechanisms
linking nuclear envelope defects to nuclear morphological deformation and aneuploidy, two prominent hallmarks of
ovarian cancer. (AJCEOG1310006).
Keywords: Nuclear envelope, lamina, nuclear pore complex, lamin A/C, aneuploidy, polyploidy, chromosomal
instability, ovarian cancer, carcinomas
Address correspondence to: Dr. Xiang-Xi Xu, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller
School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA. E-mail: xxu2@med.miami.edu
Review Article
Nuclear envelope defects in epithelial ovarian cancer
Callinice D Capo-chichi, Elizabeth R Smith, Santas Rosario, Parvin Ganjei-Azar, Xiang-Xi Xu
Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Departments of Cell Biology, Pathology, University of Miami Miller School of
Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
Received October 16, 2013; Accepted November 17, 2013; Epub December 7, 2013; Published December 15, 2013
Abstract: Nuclear morphology is a universal indicator of neoplastic cells, and is often used to diagnose cancer and
assess the degree of malignancy. Although an association between a misshapen nucleus and cancer has been well
established, the causes and consequences of a defective nuclear envelope in cancer are just starting to be revealed.
Focusing on ovarian epithelial cancer, this article reviews the recent progress and discusses the critical roles and
postulated mechanisms for nuclear envelope defects in ovarian cancer initiation and progression. Recent findings
indicate that nuclear envelope proteins including lamin A/C, emerin, nesprins, and nuclear pore complex (NPC)
proteins, are frequently altered in their expression or cellular localization in ovarian cancer. Loss of expression of the
nuclear envelope structural proteins accounts for the nuclear morphological deformation of the ovarian cancer cells.
Alterations of the nuclear envelope proteins impact regulation of gene expression, modulate signaling pathways, and
induce chromosomal numerical instability. The ongoing discoveries have begun to reveal underlying mechanisms
linking nuclear envelope defects to nuclear morphological deformation and aneuploidy, two prominent hallmarks of
ovarian cancer. (AJCEOG1310006).
Keywords: Nuclear envelope, lamina, nuclear pore complex, lamin A/C, aneuploidy, polyploidy, chromosomal
instability, ovarian cancer, carcinomas
Address correspondence to: Dr. Xiang-Xi Xu, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller
School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA. E-mail: xxu2@med.miami.edu
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